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Welcome!
Throughout this module, you will be able to use reading strategies,
literary analysis, and critical thinking skills to construct meaning and
develop understanding as well as an appreciation of a variety of genres
of both fiction and nonfiction. You will learn by using the best way
nowadays to work individually without the straight directions of a
teacher; but remember, read very carefully the instructions given.
Table of Contents
Introduction and instructions
Lesson 1-Elements of poetry
Lesson 2-Genres
Lesson 3-Symbolism
Lesson 4-Alliteration
Lesson 5-Simile
Lesson 6-Metaphor
Module 3
Objective:
After the studying this module, the students will:
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Distinguish
between different elements of poetry.
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Analyze,
interpret, and classify genres.
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Define:
o Alliteration
o Simile
o Metaphor
Lesson 1
Elements of poetry
Introduction
Poetry, unlike other literary forms, focuses most sharply on language
itself. The music of words, how they sound, how their sounds flow and
mix and form musical patterns are vital to poetry. Writer A.S. Rosenthal
said, “Far from being incidental, qualities of sound and rhythm give a
poetic work its organic body.” Poets must use all the physical
attributes of words: their sound, size, shape, and rhythms.
Imagery
If the music of poetry is its life-blood, images give poetry its soul.
Although you can write a successive poem without imagery, the best poems
come alive with simile, metaphor, symbolism, and use of personification.
Be alert to images in poems you read, and try to include some original
imagery in your own poems. Keep in mind that imagery is the language of
dreams. When you write with imagery you bring the magic and mystery of
dreamscapes to your writing. As poet, William Greenway, said “images can
communicate the unsayable, so show don’t tell.”
Rhythm
Rhythm can be defined as the flow of stressed and unstressed syllables
to create oral patterns. To achieve rhythm, English poets have
traditionally counted three things:
1. the number of syllables in a line
2. the number of stressed or accented syllables
3. the number of individual units of both stressed and unstressed
syllables.
Rhyme
According to Webster’s Dictionary, rhyme is “ a regular recurrence of
corresponding sounds” which occurs usually at the end of a line. There
are three main types of end-rhymes:
1. True rhyme (also called masculine) occurs exactly on one stressed
syllable.
EX. Car, far
2. Feminine rhyme uses words of more than one syllable and occurs when
the accented syllable rhymes.
EX. buckle, knuckle
3. Off-rhyme or Slant Rhyme occurs when words sound very similar but do
not correspond in sound exactly
EX. down, noon
Six Traits of Poetry Writing:
1. The Idea – the heart of your poem, point of your message
2. The Organization – the internal structure
3. The Voice – evidence of the writer behind the message
4. The Word Choice – the vocabulary or terminology used
5. The Fluency – the rhythm and flow - how it plays to the ear
6. The Form – the mechanical structure and correctness there of
A poem should be a well structured piece.
1. A poem should flow naturally - be flowing and easy reading
2. It should have rhythmic symmetry – there should be a correspondence
rhythm with in the poem
3. Effective rhyming add to overall beauty and quality of poem – finding
the correct corresponding rhyme makes for a better poem
The number one Key to writing poetry is how it’s constructed,
structured, and how that structure lends itself to the appeal of a poem
when being read!!!
Elements of poetry
Practicing exercise
I. True or false:
a. Poetry does not focus on the language
itself.
b. Images give poetry its soul.
c. Images can be defined as the flow of stressed and unstressed syllables to
create oral patterns.
d. The word choice is the internal structure.
e. A poem should be flowing and easy reading.
Elements of poetry
Practicing exercise-Answer key
a. False
b. True
c. False
d. False
e. True
Elements of poetry
Quiz
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Which of the following is a traditional
symbol representing the nature of beauty?
a) a star
b) a winter landscape
c)
a rose
d)
a forest
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The speaker is addressing whom in the following
lines from “To His Coy Mistress”: “Had we but world enough, and
time, / This coyness, lady, were no crime.”
a)
the reader
b)
himself
c)
women in general
d)
the object of his desire
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Which of the following
contains an example of alliteration?
a)
the parson’s prayer harkened our poor hearts
b)
Boom! Crash! Yippie!
c)
The dunes rolled toward the beach like waves frozen in time
d)
The angry wind beat against the door
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The lines “Br-r-r-am-m-m, rackety-am-m, OM, Am: / All-r-r-room, r-r-ram, ala-bas-ter— / Am” from “
What the Motorcycle Said” are an example of
a)
dramatic irony.
b)
confusion.
c)
point of view.
d)
onomatopoeia.
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What is a symbol in literature?
a)
a mnemonic device
b)
any sensory detail used to describe an object
c)
a person, place, or object that simultaneously represents itself and
figuratively “stands for” something else
d)
a direct comparison between two unlike things with a verbal signal
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“No! I am not Prince Hamlet, nor was meant to
be.” This reference to Hamlet in “The Love Song of J. Alfred
Prufrock” is an example of
a) a simile.
b)
discursive structure.
c)
the sonnet form.
d)
an allusion.
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Which of the following descriptions, all from
Howard Nemerov’s “The Vacuum,” includes personification?
a)
“I know now how life is cheap as dirt”
b)
“The vacuum cleaner sulks in the corner closet”
c)
“my dog-dead life”
d)
“there is old filth everywhere”
Elements of poetry
Quiz-Answer key
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C
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D
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B
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D
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B
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D
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A
Elements of poetry
Test
Playgrounds
By: Laurence Alma-Tadema
In summer I am very glad
We children are so small,
For we can see a thousand things
That men can't see at all.
They don't know much about the moss
And all the stones they pass:
They never lie and play among
The forests in the grass:
They walk about a long way off;
And, when we're at the sea,
Let father stoop as best he can
He can't find things like me.
But, when the snow is on the ground
And all the puddles freeze,
I wish that I were very tall,
High up above the trees.
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1. |
Why is the narrator glad
he is small in the summertime?
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because he likes
to play in the snow |
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because it is so
hot |
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because he can see
things bigger people miss |
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2. |
What is the narrator
better at doing than his father when they are at the
sea?
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finding
things |
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lying in
the grass |
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walking
a long distance |
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3. |
When does the narrator
wish that he were taller?
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when the weather
is cold |
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during
summer |
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when he is at the
sea |
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4. |
Which is the best summary
of this poem?
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The boy is glad he
is small in the summer but wishes he were tall
in the winter. |
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The boy wishes it
were winter all the time. |
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The boy wants to
be tall all the time. |
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Short
Answer Questions
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5. |
Name two things the
narrator suggests that "men can't see at all."
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Poetic
Techniques Short Answer Questions
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6. |
What is the rhyme scheme
of this poem?
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Elements of poetry
Test-Answer key
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c
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a
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a
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a
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